Cinema, as a cultural artifact, has an unparalleled ability to shape societal attitudes, inform public perceptions, and even alter deeply ingrained biases. When it comes to mental health, movies can either be a catalyst for understanding or a vehicle for perpetuating stigma. From Bollywood's melodrama to Hollywood's nuanced storytelling, the portrayal of mental health has varied across cultures and eras. This blog delves into the evolving narratives of mental health in cinema, their societal impact, and how filmmakers can move toward more meaningful and responsible portrayals.
In the early days of cinema, mental health was often depicted as an exotic or mysterious ailment. Characters with mental illnesses were reduced to caricatures, their conditions exaggerated for dramatic or comedic effect. In Hindi cinema, films like Khilona (1970) and Sadma (1983) portrayed mentally ill characters as naive, dangerous, or pitiable figures. While these movies garnered critical and commercial success, they reinforced harmful stereotypes that continue to stigmatize mental health discussions.
In Hollywood, Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho (1960) became an iconic yet problematic portrayal of mental illness. Norman Bates, the antagonist, is depicted as suffering from dissociative identity disorder (DID), but his condition is intertwined with violence and criminality, creating a long-lasting association between mental illness and danger in the public imagination.
Films like Bhool Bhulaiyaa (2007) in India or The Exorcist (1973) in the West often linked mental illness to supernatural forces. These narratives reflect cultural tendencies to explain mental health struggles through spiritual or otherworldly lenses. While entertaining, such portrayals hinder the acceptance of mental health as a legitimate medical concern.
The rise of digital platforms and increased awareness about mental health have led to a gradual shift in cinematic narratives. Filmmakers now have access to expert consultations, enabling more accurate portrayals of psychological conditions. In the post-media convergence era, movies have begun addressing mental health with greater sensitivity.
In India, Taare Zameen Par (2007) was a groundbreaking film that depicted a child with dyslexia. The protagonist’s struggles were presented with empathy, highlighting the challenges of navigating an unsympathetic education system. Similarly, Dear Zindagi (2016) tackled depression in a relatable way, portraying therapy as a helpful and normalized process.
In Dear Zindagi, the therapist (played by Shah Rukh Khan) uses relatable metaphors, such as comparing choosing furniture to selecting a life partner, to explain complex emotional struggles. This scene demystified therapy for Indian audiences and encouraged many to consider seeking professional help.
Studies show that over 60% of Indian audiences derive their understanding of mental health from cinema. Inaccurate depictions can lead to misinformation, while realistic portrayals foster empathy and awareness. For example, after the release of Taare Zameen Par, schools in India reported increased awareness about learning disabilities among parents and teachers.
In India and other collectivist cultures, mental illness is often viewed as a familial burden rather than an individual struggle. Films reflect this dynamic, as seen in Khilona, where the family’s reputation becomes a central concern.
Movies like Bhool Bhulaiyaa blur the line between mental illness and supernatural phenomena. These narratives reflect societal tendencies to attribute psychological symptoms to curses or possessions, delaying proper treatment.
In Judgementall Hai Kya (2019), the protagonist’s psychosis is met with skepticism and ridicule from her family. This reflects real-life scenarios where societal judgment silences individuals struggling with mental health issues.
Western cinema has increasingly included stories about mental health in marginalized communities. Films like Moonlight (2016) explore the intersection of mental health, race, and sexuality, offering a layered understanding of societal challenges.
The South Korean film I’m a Cyborg, But That’s OK (2006) tells the story of a woman in a psychiatric facility, blending fantasy with reality. The film’s empathetic portrayal of the patients’ inner worlds offers a fresh perspective on mental health.
Cinema holds a mirror to society, reflecting its beliefs, fears, and aspirations. As the narrative around mental health evolves, filmmakers have a unique opportunity to shape perceptions and foster a more compassionate world. By prioritizing accuracy and empathy, they can dismantle stigma, inspire conversations, and encourage collective healing.
The journey from ignorance to awareness is long, but each story told with care brings us closer to a world where mental health is understood and accepted. As viewers, we must embrace these narratives with open minds, ensuring that their lessons translate into real-world empathy and action. Let us celebrate cinema’s potential to heal, inspire, and unite.
TAGS: Khilona (1970), Sadma (1983), Psycho (1960), Alfred Hitchcock, Norman Bates, The Antagonist, Dissociative Identity Disorder, DID, Bhool Bhulaiyaa (2007), The Exorcist (1973), Supernatural Forces, Otherworldly, Taare Zameen Par (2007), Dyslexia, Dear Zindagi (2016), Depression, Silver Linings Playbook (2012), Bipolar Disorder, A Beautiful Mind (2001), John Nash, Schizophrenia, A Silent Voice(2016), Bullying, Social Anxiety, Shah Rukh Khan, Barfi! (2012), My Name is Khan (2010), Autism, Asperger’s syndrome, Good Will Hunting (1997), The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012), PTSD, Kyon Ki, Judgementall Hai Kya(2019), The Father (2020), It’s Kind of a Funny Story(2010), Under the Shadow (2016), Postpartum Depression, Moonlight (2016), I’m a Cyborg, That’s OK (2006)
Disclaimer: All characters and events depicted in this blog are entirely fictional. Any resemblance to actual persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental. The content is intended for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical concerns.
Dr. Saurabh Kumar is founder of Bihar Healthy Minds, specializes in clinical psychiatry, psychosomatic medicine, and expertise in various aspects of mental health. His research explores innovative treatments like Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and addresses stigma and psychopathology in mental illness. You can find Dr. Saurabh Kumar on Facebook , Instagram and Twitter as well.
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